Infertility

What is infertility?

Infertility refers to the inability to conceive a child or carry a pregnancy to full term after having regular unprotected sex for at least a year. It affects an estimated 1 in 8 couples, making it a common reproductive disorder.

There are two main causes of infertility:

Problems in the female reproductive system

• Ovulation disorders - failure to ovulate or irregular ovulation due to problems with the hormones that control the ovulation cycle


• Fallopian tube damage - often caused by a past infection such as pelvic inflammatory disease


• Endometriosis - abnormal growth of uterine lining tissue outside the uterus


• Uterine problems - abnormalities in the shape or structure of the uterus

Problems in the male reproductive system

• Low sperm count - not having enough healthy, motile sperm cells


• Abnormal sperm function - sperm's inability to reach or penetrate the egg


• Varicocele - enlarged veins in the scrotum


• Hormone imbalance - abnormal testosterone or other hormone levels

In 30-40% of cases, infertility affects both partners or has an unexplained cause.

Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosing infertility begins with thorough medical histories and physical exams for both partners. Blood tests, imaging tests, and semen analysis help pinpoint any underlying problems.

Depending on the cause, treatments for infertility may include:

• Fertility drugs - to regulate ovulation


• Surgery - to repair reproductive organs


• Intrauterine insemination (IUI) - inserting washed sperm directly into the uterus


• Assisted reproductive technology (ART) - Includes in-vitro fertilization (IVF)

Newer approaches like egg/sperm freezing give hope to those struggling with infertility issues. At Hormone Care Center, our reproductive endocrinologists have over 20 years of experience successfully diagnosing and treating all forms of infertility. Let us help you start or grow your family!

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